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  • The Market Ticker - Fiscal Policy: The Fed, Romer, And A Path Forward

    This amused.....

    "I believe that monetary accommodation alone cannot buy happiness," Fisher said in the text of remarks to the Greater Houston Partnership.

    What if it fails to buy anything at all?

    It might not, you know.  Just like drugs always feel good when you first do them, monetary distortions - negative real interest rates, which The Fed freely admits are occurring - always lead to hangovers.

    We had a housing bubble because of The Fed's actions in 2001-2003.  It wasn't an accident.  It was an easily-foreseen result.  Now we're going to do the dumb again, because, well, we need to be dumb I guess.

    The problem with negative real borrowing costs is that they destroy capital formation over time.  It's like taking steroids.  At first they make you bulk up fast, and are "easier" than working out harder and longer.  But their impact is insidious - at the same time they damage the rest of the body's systems.

    They also encourage you to do other dumb things at the same time.  Maybe you "roid-rage" out.  Or maybe you just get a wild hair up your butt, buoyed by testosterone, and do something stupid.  In the intermediate term ZIRP leads to dumb investments, like it did in 2003-2005 with houses.

    But the long-term damage is where the real problem is.  With ZIRP that damage comes from encouragement of structural deficits and destruction of the incentives for capital formation.  We had the light version of that in 2003-2003, as this chart shows, but now we've got the turbocharged, Cat-5 hurricane style:

    So where does it end?  Well Dallas Fed President Fisher says it doesn't.  He says it's now up to the "government" to do the rest with fiscal policy.

    And what policy might that be?

    Why crank that graph up even further.  Tax less and spend more.  After all, we have ZIRP to protect us.  And what does he think of the cost-benefit analysis of further Fed action?

    "For me, the ball is in the fiscal court for now," he said. "Any further action by the Fed must be subject to the kind of rigorous cost-benefit analysis that Ben Bernanke cited in Jackson Hole. One of the variables that must be taken into account is whether fiscal and regulatory policies are conducive to growth."

    Let me see - rising entitlement spending, new programs that must lead to either higher structural deficits or higher taxes, and more regulations such as the EPA trying to regulate CO2 emissions.  This is all "good for business", right?

    Christina Romer, who is leaving Obama's administration tomorrow, incidentally, thinks so:

    Congress is divided over further action. Concern about the deficit cannot be an excuse for leaving unemployed workers to suffer, Ms. Romer said. We have tools that would bring unemployment down without worsening our long-run fiscal outlook, if we can only find the will and the wisdom to use them.

    What would those tools be Christina?

    The only surefire ways for policy makers to substantially increase aggregate demand in the short run are for the government to spend more and tax less, Christina Romer, the departing White House chief economist, said in a speech in Washington yesterday. We should be moving forward on both fronts.

    Really?  How much more would you spend?  We're $1.6 trillion in the hole on an annualized basis, or about 12% of GDP, and we have been for the last three years.  Has this worked?

    How much less would you like to tax?  Tax receipts are down tremendously since 2006.  Again, has this worked?

    The problem is this - nobody believes you can keep doing that sort of thing indefinitely.  Yet if you can't convince people you are able to they don't alter behavior.  The Bush Tax Cuts were "successful" in altering behavior because they were "date certain" things over an intermediate time period.  They thus had the desire effect, but at what cost?  We took a structural balance in our budget and trashed it to the tune of $600 billion a year.  That would have been ok if it was temporary, but it clearly was not, as it continued right up until we threw the engine into "full power plus maximum afterburner" in 2007.

    The practice of spending more than you make, whether by a person, a corporation or a government cannot continue forever.  It can, and has, gone on for a while.  It might even go on for quite a while - witness all the people who pulled billions collectively out of houses in the 2000s and blew it on anything from Hummers to boats to vacation spots and expensive trips along with baubles of all sorts.

    But ultimately the check you write has to be backed up with the production you emit from your fingers or mind if you're a person, or with the funds you tax if you're a government.  It cannot be otherwise.

    So how do we get out of this pattern of "spend more and tax less"?

    I've yet to see any credible suggestion for doing so.  We have not forced the banks to take their writedowns, houses are still too expensive (proved by the fact that they're not selling without $8,000 tax credits) and now automobile sales are in the toilet on top of it, right after everyone said - just a month earlier - that we were "recovering."

    Inventory builds are happening, but are they voluntary or are we (again) building inventory into flagging demand?  If the latter, we're in for an ugly surprise in a few months, and I think that's exactly what's coming.  Anecdotal evidence is that the Christmas shipping season is off to a crap start, truckload backlogs are soft (and that's being generous) and we have warnings from the likes of Intel on processor demand, which strongly implies that PC sales are going to bite this holiday season.

    The problem with the government was always on the spending side of the ledger.  The solution is for government to bugger off about all the things it really has no Constitutional basis for doing in the first place, and to "bugger on" about those which it does.  We do neither.

    For example, Social Security and Medicare are a mess largely because there is no accountability for either.  If the States ran them there would be.  Why?  Because you'd insist on it - you might want to move.  Without accountability and transferability, that is, honest fiscal accounting under your own name, you couldn't get that.  This you would not accept, ergo, it would happen.  But as long as it's "off budget" then it's just a worm hole that emits "magic benefits" for people - or at least that's the appearance that Washington has managed to foist off on you.

    Likewise, if Washington was to "bugger on" about those nations that have slave-labor conditions and environmental poisoning as their raison-d'etre of being "more competitive" in the labor force, we would enact Wage Parity and Environmental Parity tariffs.  Labor arbitrage for the purpose of tossing your spare arsenic into the local river would go away.  Many jobs now overseas would come home.  Not all, but some.

    Everyone wants to claim that unemployment compensation for 99 weeks is "compassionate."  But is it really?  Or is it just a sop that keeps people from being entrepreneurs?  We all have skills.  Some are of more value in the marketplace than others, but we all have some.  So why do we subsidize people not employing those skills? 

    And incidentally, why is it that three years into this mess we still have people on unemployment who are laid off and don't ditch their $100 monthly cell phone and $400 A/C bills immediately?  Is that not proof positive that it's become too easy to simply suckle off that government tit?

    The fiscal and economic imbalances we put in place through intentional policy acts over the last 20 years are not going to go away easily, or without pain.  Those who made bad loans and took bad loans are going to have to suffer the consequences eventually.  We are only arguing over when, and how much more damage we are willing to inflict on our economy and citizens before we cut this crap out.

    Our nation desperately needs an army of prosecutors to start at the top of every large financial institution and start issuing indictments.  We need to close damn near all of them and toss their management out on their respective ears.  We need to nationalize all the state and local pensions, turning them over to the PBGC, ridding state and local governments of this burden while at the same time cutting back those benefits, including for current retirees, to that which the funds in those pension plans will support.

    We must immediately stop with the ZIRP crap and allow rates to rise so that short rates are at least at 3%, and longer-term rates commensurately higher.  30 year mortgage money should be at 6-7% in a balanced economy and financial system, 30 year government bonds 100-150 bps lower.  That's with 20% down.  Yes, I know that crushes existing home values.  That's the point.  You want people to be able to own homes, you make them cheaper - just like a DVD player or flat-screen TV.

    Mandate that The Fed actually follow the Federal Reserve Act.  Systemic Debt must be reduced to 1960s historical percentage levels (150% of GDP, total public and private, including Social Security and Medicare) within three years, and liquidity must be pulled until it is.  Financial engineering doesn't make more debt able to be "safely" carried, it just enables people to temporarily lie about solvency and create Ponzi Schemes through obfuscation.  Add a clause to The Federal Reserve Act mandating zero inflation on a five-year rolling basis, proved up with an actual basket of goods and services with no adjustments, hedonic or otherwise, beginning when system debt reaches 150% of GDP, and all data collection to be published and publicly verifiable.  Allow zero tolerance for deviation except in time of declared war.

    If the current board of governors refuse then they are replaced with new governors who will, or The Fed is replaced wholesale.  The very threat of taking currency issuance into Treasury and telling the entire primary dealer network to bugger off should be sufficient to convince the current board that we, not they, are in charge.

    The Debt Ponzi has to be deflated.  We have 50-60% more debt in the system than we can productively carry.  The excess has to go.  I recognize this will bankrupt a LOT of powerful people who are paper rich and reality poor and for this reason it's unpopular.  The math doesn't care if it's popular.  Set up special bankruptcy courts - everyone can access them.  In and out in 90 days or less.  Come in, forfeit your assets save your retirement accounts (IRAs and 401ks), walk clean.  Yes, this includes student loans.  The assets get washed through public sale and we find out what they're really worth.  If the banks are busted by this, they go through it too.  We now have "resolution authority" in theory - let's put it into practice.

    The student loan ponzi gets busted.  Most public colleges and nearly all private ones go bankrupt.  Fine - they're not closed, they get reorganized - and the debt they were carrying is gone.  So too are the gold-plated BS games.  College becomes affordable again - I should be able to attend full-time for $6,000 a year all-in tuition and fees at any good state school, and half that in a community college.  Do that and anyone can work their way through.  That's how it was in the 1980s, and that's how it can be again.

    Get rid of the gargantuan tax code and replace it with the Fair Tax.  Simple, elegant, everyone knows exactly what they have to pay and how much they're funding government with.  Best of all, it's voluntary.

    Finally, reinstate Glass-Steagall.  All 17 pages of it, unedited.  No more gambling with the government purse. Break the repo market - if you need to use it, you're not a government-secured enterprise.  Period.  Now "trust" by the market in your institution no longer determines whether you live or die on a daily basis for those that hold the public's deposits.  Just like it used to be.  Commercial banks go back to having $10/share stock prices and paying 7% dividends that are both stable over decades.

    GDP falls by 40% if we do this and unemployment goes to 20%.

    But not for long. 

    When the Humongoous Bank on the corner closes, the next morning some enterprising guy or gal decides to open a new one.  Ditto for the other institutions that don't make it.  Entrepreneurship roars.  So does repatriation of jobs.  Those who can't find "high paying" work right now go to school and learn a new trade, working at McDonalds' if they have to in order to meet the tuition (Note: you can do it now for $3 of your hourly wage, assuming a 2,000 hour man-year.)  The in-shoring of businesses would become an instantaneous flood, and with them come jobs - and CapEx.

    If we do this within two years we would surpass our current $14 trillion GDP.  Government funding would be inextricably tied to private production, and as such the idea of doing things that are unfriendly to production would be a thing of the past.

    Every person in America would contribute to the government's funding, and see exactly how much they paid on every receipt.  More citizen involvement in exactly where our money goes is good, and can only happen when you see every dime leave your hand.

    All of the "I can't" nonsense of today would be cast aside.

    America would be the place to do business.  The place to be headquartered.  The place to employ people. The place to go to school.  The place to start a company.  The place to innovate.

    We can do it.

    To begin we have to stop protecting those who have bankrupted this nation, and force them to face the music, while at the same time giving the common man and woman a dignified way to walk through the door, throw off all their overburdened trash (yes, including their house), and walk free of the millstone of debt they cannot possibly pay, while at the same time changing the laws so that nobody can play this exploitation game again.  We have to lock up the crooks and purge the corruption and grift. 

    But we need to start now, because the longer we wait the worse the damage we must suffer on our journey of clearing the debris, both human and systemic, that is clogging the arteries of commerce, innovation, and our national spirit.

    Are we up for it as Americans, and will we insist on it - starting right here and now?

    That's the only remaining question.

  • The Market Ticker - ZIRP Destroys Pensions

    Again, I must say......

    The same principal has left the nations public and private pension funds badly underfunded.

    We are actually more underfunded than we were at the end of 2008 because of the drop in interest rates since then, said John Ehrhardt, who tracks fund performance for benefits consultant Milliman.

    That "same principal" is The Fed's ZIRP policy.

    By picking winners - in this case the banks who made imprudent loans and should have been forced out of business, along with "protecting" the imprudent buyers of bonds in institutions that made those imprudent loans, the prudent are getting hammered.

    There is no solution to this other than to stop doing that.  And this means withdrawing liquidity and forcing the borrowing of money to have a reasonable cost, so that those who lend money through the purchase of bonds can earn a reasonable inflation-adjusted return.

    The initial "impact" of low interest rates appears seductively good.  It's not - it's always bad.  It forces people to take imprudent risks (how do you think we got a housing bubble in the first place?) and destroys the prudent investor, lender of capital and saver.

    As these people are eviscerated their ability to contribute positively to the economy is likewise destroyed, and in particular, capital formation is critically damaged.

    This is the real story on how Japan lost two decades. 

    We will follow them unless we stop this insanity, and soon.

    (PS: Are the unions still sheep on this issue, more than two years after I started sounding this alarm?)

  • The Market Ticker - Factory Orders - Yawn

    Am I supposed to be impressed with this?

    New orders for manufactured goods in July, up following two consecutive monthly decreases, increased $0.6 billion or 0.1 percent to $409.5 billion, the U.S. Census Bureau reported today. This followed a 0.6 percent June decrease. Excluding transportation, new orders decreased 1.5 percent.

    So, ex-transports, which are terribly-volatile, the report was moderately-weak.

    Shipments, also up following two consecutive monthly decreases, increased $4.4 billion or 1.1 percent to $417.1 billion. This followed a 0.5 percent June decrease. Unfilled orders, down following three consecutive monthly increases, decreased $1.1 billion or 0.1 percent to $802.8 billion. This followed a 0.1 percent June increase. The unfilled orders-to-shipments ratio was 5.53, down from 5.59 in June.

    So unfilled orders - that is, committed work for future delivery, continues to decline.  That is, the inventory build meme is overbought in the market, and yet there appears to be little or no recognition of the obvious problem on a forward basis this creates for profits.

    Nothing really stands out in this report for me, save one thing - transports.  Up materially, especially light trucks.  That's interesting, but one month does not a trend make.  This series tends to be very volatile, and remember that this report is also in arrears a month when auto sales were allegedly great and continuing to improve.  Well, we got those numbers yesterday for the auto sector, and they sucked - so next month this segment of the report should show a meaningful contraction.  We'll see.

    Markers for future hiring are not going anywhere good, with computers being down 3.1% after a 1.7% increase last month and a 0.1% increase the month prior - certainly nothing to write home about.  The one place in that category that does look good is storage devices, which showed a 13.7% increase, but this sub-index is extremely volatile, having been down 12% just two months before.  Machinery was down 4% with big drops in industrial machinery (6.7%) and power-generation gear (21%)

    All in all this is a fairly weak report.  It's not a disaster, but it doesn't show "strong growth" or anything like it - more a "muddle through" at a depressed level of economic activity.

    The market yawned, and with apparently good cause - I see nothing in here that turns my head either direction.

  • The Market Ticker - Labor Productivity, Costs, and Claims

    Hmmm.... this isn't so good:

    Nonfarm business sector labor productivity decreased at a 1.8 percent annual rate during the second quarter of 2010, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today as hours increased 3.5 percent and output increased 1.6 percent.

    Is this an indication that the market is getting "more healthy" or is it the market reaching it's breaking point with employees being told "work harder, get paid less, or get fired"?

    This is difficult to know, but the rise in labor costs does not bode well for forward profit projections at corporations, and unit labor costs are rising:

    Unit labor costs in nonfarm businesses rose 1.1 percent in the second quarter of 2010, as the 1.8 percent decline in productivity was partially offset by a 0.7 percent decline in hourly compensation.

    This implies (weakly) that we've hit the wall on this area of "cost control" when it comes to labor.  That is, we're still dropping compensation (pay per hour) but now the pushback is occurring, in that output is falling faster than wages.

    The fallacy of course that people tend to have in the media is that you can hammer people on compensation on a permanent basis and the market is so soft that they'll just roll over and take it.

    Well, no.  At some point the "Sabots" start flying into the gears - softly or with more dramatic effect.  Whether it's intentional or simply due to the fact that hiring people at lower rates of pay who happen to be less competent produce less, the impact is the same - productivity starts to drop and if you go too far with this game you wind up getting less per dollar of labor expense.

    We appear to have reached that knee point.

    The futures this morning didn't react materially to this number, but IMHO they should have.  This is an important inflection point, as it means that the cycle of driving corporate profits higher via lower labor costs may have reached it's knee point where it now actually destroys profitability instead of enhancing it. 

    If so then corporate profits have reached their peak for this cycle and so have valuations.

    I've been a skeptic on the "ever-rising mother's milk" crap that Kudlow and friends have been running for the last year, because it was incomprehensible to me that people would continue to work harder and get paid less on a permanent basis.  Oh sure, for a while it works, as nobody really likes being laid off, and the threat is effective in the immediate term. 

    But over time this brings fatigue.  The first time your boss threatens you like this you probably knuckle down and work harder.  But the second, third, fifth or tenth time he probably gets resentment and degradation of output instead of enhancement.  This is the unspoken "human factor", and is why policies that play labor arbitrage ultimately fail - you can play this game in the ultimate sense only by employing effective slave labor, and you need to be able to enforce your slavery - not possible in the US, and increasingly becoming difficult in places like China.

    If this trend holds expect to see profits come in and valuations contract - which means that right now stocks are rich, as they're pricing in continuation of the former trend that appears to have turned.

    Then we have claims:

    In the week ending Aug. 28, the advance figure for seasonally adjusted initial claims was 472,000, a decrease of 6,000 from the previous week's revised figure of 478,000. The 4-week moving average was 485,500, a decrease of 2,500 from the previous week's revised average of 488,000.

    I don't know how this is seen as good, but some people seem to think it is.  Let's look at the total claims picture, as that's at least somewhat-accurate.

    That's actual improvement.  But before you break out the pom-poms make sure you look at the previous year figures.....

    Sorry, but until I see a mid-300k print on UE claims I'm not saying we've turned the corner on employment - because we haven't.

  • The Market Ticker - Housing Numbers - Are They Being Cooked?

    I have a very disturbing email that came in this evening.

    It alleges out-and-out fraudulent reporting of home sales in one of the regional MLS systems.

    That is, prices paid that are in fact much lower than the "sold" prices reported in the MLS.

    The person in question claims to have seen over 100 of these in his area.  I have copies of two, and it appears, from the evidence that I have, that at least for those two the claim is accurate.

    One in particular I was able to pull the auction data on.  It "sold" under reserve, is listed as sold in the MLS at ~25% higher than the "sold" bid, and the premium is disclosed as 5%.  This property also has a 90-day "anti-flip" provision on it, implying that the paper may be held by one of the GSEs.  (It's a nice-looking place, incidentally.)

    Here's the problem, obviously - Case-Schiller and other "home statistics" numbers related to price paid are all computed off these numbers provided by the local Realty boards (via NAR.)  If the data in the MLS is bogus then so is the so-called "median sales price" and so are Case-Schiller's numbers!

    These are not small discrepancies either - in both cases the "over-reporting" is by approximately 25%! 

    Both subject properties sent to me were auctions.

    I am going to dig into this - if this can be verified and is happening nationally the claims of recent price stabilization are utter crap, and the first obvious question that arises is "how far back does this go?"

    It also raises a key question when it comes to BPOs, not only from a standpoint of bank valuations (e.g. "drive-bys") but additionally if you're buying a house and your agent is showing you comparable sales predicated on faulty MLS data you are going to be induced to RADICALLY overpay.

    For the time being I would verify any claimed "sold" prices with the county recorder before believing any alleged "sold" prices you're being fed as comparables.

    This might be an anomaly, an "isolated incident", or it may not be what it appears to be, but with a 25% disparity we're not talking small potatoes if this is accurate.

    I'll post follow-up Tickers on this as I learn more.....

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